Villa rustica

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Villa rustica (countryside villa) was the term used by the ancient Romans to denote a villa set in the open countryside, often as the hub of a large agricultural estate (latifundium). The adjective rusticum was used to distinguish it from an urban or resort villa. The villa rustica would thus serve both as a residence of the landowner and his family (and retainers) and also as a farm management centre. It would often comprise separate buildings to accommodate farm labourers and sheds and barns for animals and crops.[1][2][3][4][5]
In modern British archaeology, a villa rustica is commonly (and misleadingly) referred to simply as a "Roman villa".


The villa rustica's design differed depending on the architect, but usually it consisted of three parts; the urbana (main house), agricultural center and the rusticana (farm area).




Contents





  • 1 List of Villae rusticae

    • 1.1 Bulgaria


    • 1.2 France


    • 1.3 Germany


    • 1.4 Italy


    • 1.5 Portugal


    • 1.6 Serbia


    • 1.7 Switzerland


    • 1.8 Turkey


    • 1.9 United Kingdom



  • 2 References


  • 3 External links




List of Villae rusticae




Model of a Roman Villa Rustica. The remains of villas of this type have been found in the vicinity of Valjevo, Serbia.



Bulgaria



  • Villa Armira in Ivaylovgrad


France


  • Villa Rustica, Coustaty


  • Villa Rustica, Lussas-et-Nontronneau (fr)


  • Villa Rustica, Montcaret (de)


  • Villa Rustica, Montmaurin (fr)


  • Villa Rustica, Petit-Bersac (de)


  • Villa Rustica, Pièce de Rance (de)


Germany




Wurmlingen




Villa rustica, Haselburg at Höchst i. Odw., Hypocaust of the main building




Eschweiler


Baden-Württemberg


  • Villa Rustica, Baden-Baden-Haueneberstein, Roman settlement at Wohlfahrtsberg[6]

  • Villa Rustica at Bondorf, Böblingen


  • Villa rustica at Büßlingen (de), Konstanz


  • Villa Rustica (Brombach) (de), Lörrach

  • Villa Rustica at Eigeltingen[7]

  • Villa Rustica at Gaggenau-Bad Rotenfels / Oberweier[8]

  • Villa urbana at Grenzach-Wyhlen (Museum Römervilla)


  • Villa rustica at Hechingen-Stein (de), Zollernalbkreis

  • Villa urbana at Heitersheim


  • Villa Rustica (Meßkirch) (de), Sigmaringen

  • Villa Rustica at Hirschberg[9]


  • Villa Rustica (Inzigkofen) (de), Sigmaringen

  • Villa Rustica at Karlsruhe-Durlach[10]

  • Villa Rustica at Langenau[11]


  • Villa Rustica (Laucherthal) (de), Sigmaringen


  • Villa Rustica (Lauffen) (de), Heilbronn

  • Villa Rustica at Mühlacker[12]

  • Villa Rustica at Nagold[13][14]


  • Villa Rustica (Nürtingen) (de)

  • Villa Rustica at Oberndorf-Bochingen[15][16]


  • Villa Rustica (Rommelshausen) (de), Rems-Murr-Kreis


  • Römerbad (Weinsberg) (de), Heilbronn


  • Villa Rustica (Wiesenbach/Baden) (de), Rhein-Neckar-Kreis


  • Römisches Bad (Wurmlingen) (de), Tuttlingen


  • Villa Rustica (Zimmerhof) (de), Heilbronn

  • Villa Rustica Bietigheim-Weilerlen at Bietigheim-Bissingen, Ludwigsburg

Bavaria



  • Villa Rustica (Burgweinting) (de)


  • Villa rustica (Denning) (de), Stadt München


  • Villa Rustica (Friedberg) (de)

  • Villa Rustica at Großberghofen, Dachau


  • Villa Rustica (Holheim) (de), Donau-Ries

  • Villa Rustica at Hüssingen[17]

  • Villa Rustica Kohlhunden, Ostallgäu[18]


  • Villa Rustica (Leutstetten) (de), Stadt Starnberg


  • Villa Rustica (Möckenlohe) (de) (Naturpark Altmühltal)[19][20]

  • Villa Rustica (Nassenfels), Eichstätt


  • Villa Rustica (Niederndorf) (de), Freising


  • Villa Rustica (Oberndorf) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Oberhaunstadt) (de), Ingolstadt

  • Villa Rustica (Peiting), Weilheim-Schongau[21][22]


  • Villa Rustica (Stadtbergen) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Zipfwang) (de), Oberallgäu

Hesse


  • Groß-Umstadt-Heubach, Wamboltsches Schlösschen (de)


  • Haselburg Roman villa (de), Odenwald

  • Rodau, Zwingenberg, "Kleine Weide"[23]

Northrhine-Westphalia



  • Villa rustica (Blankenheim (Ahr)) (de)[24]

  • Villae Rusticae at Eschweiler, Aachen


  • Propsteier Villa (de), Eschweiler, Aachen

  • Villae Rusticae near Hambach surface mine, Düren


  • Villa rustica (Nettersheim-Roderath) (de) at Sollig, Nettersheim-Roderath, Euskirchen

Rheinland-Palatine




Ceiling painting at the Roman villa of Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler



  • Villa rustica Weilberg (de), Bad Dürkheim-Ungstein]]


  • Römerhalle (Bad Kreuznach) (de), Bad Kreuznach


  • Roman Villa of Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler (de)


  • Villa rustica (Bollendorf) (de), Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm


  • Villa Otrang (de), Fließem, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm

  • Villa Rustica at Sarresdorf (Gerolstein)[25]


  • Villa Rustica (Kempten bei Bingen) (de), Mainz-Bingen

  • Villa Rustica at Herschweiler-Pettersheim, Kusel[26]


  • Roman estate at Lösnich (de)


  • Villa Urbana in Longuich (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Mehring) (de) (Mosel), Trier-Saarburg


  • Villa rustica (Wachenheim) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Weiler bei Bingen) (de), Mainz-Bingen


  • Villa rustica (Wasserliesch) (de), Trier-Saarburg

Saarland


  • Roman Villa Borg

  • Reinheim

  • Roman villa at Nennig



Boscoreale villa



Italy


  • Villa Boscoreale


Portugal



  • Boca do Rio (de)

  • Castelo da Lousa


  • Villa of Fonte do Milho  (de)

  • Roman Villa of Rabaçal

  • Centum Cellas

  • Villa of Torre de Palma

  • Villa of Cerro da Vila

  • Roman ruins of Pisões

  • Roman ruins of São Cucufate


  • Roman Ruins of Milreu (Estoi)

  • Roman Villa of Sendim


Serbia



  • Village Gornja Bukovica.Valjevo,villa rustica IV century A.D.[27]


Switzerland


Aargau



  • Villa Rustica (Bellikon) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Oberentfelden) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Oberlunkhofen) (de)


  • Villa rustica (Zofingen) (de)

Basel-Landschaft



  • Villa Rustica (Bennwil) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Munzach) (de)

Genf



  • Villa Rustica (Bernex) (de)

Jura



  • Villa Rustica (Vicques JU) (de)

Solothurn



  • Villa rustica (Biberist-Spitalhof) (de)


  • Villa rustica (Breitholz) (de)

Waadt



  • Villa romaine du Prieuré (fr)

Zürich



  • Irgenhausen Castrum (built on the remains of a former villa rustica)

  • Villa in Wetzikon - Kempten[28]


  • Villa Rustica (Buchs) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Kloten) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Oberweningen) (de)


  • Villa Rustica (Seeb) (de)


Turkey


  • Gökkale

  • Üçayaklı ruins


United Kingdom


  • Bignor Roman Villa

  • Borough Hill Roman villa

  • Brading Roman Villa

  • Chedworth Roman Villa

  • Crofton Roman Villa

  • Fishbourne Roman Palace

  • Gadebridge Park Roman Villa

  • Littlecote Roman Villa

  • Llantwit Major Roman Villa

  • Low Ham Roman Villa

  • Lullingstone Roman Villa

  • Newport Roman Villa

  • Piddington Roman Villa

  • Woodchester Roman Villa


References




  1. ^ Annalia Marzano: Roman villas in central Italy: a social and economic history. Brill 2007, ISBN 978-90-04-16037-8 (restricted online copy at Google Books)


  2. ^ Alfred Frazer: The Roman villa: villa urbana. UPenn Museum of Archaeology 1998, ISBN 978-0-924171-59-8 (restricted online copy at Google Books)


  3. ^ Alexander Gordon McKay: Houses, villas, and palaces in the Roman world . JHU Press 1998, ISBN 978-0-8018-5904-5 (restricted online copy at Google Books)


  4. ^ John T. Smith: Roman Villas. A Study in Social Structure. Routledge, London, 1997. ISBN 0-415-16719-1


  5. ^ John Percival: The Roman Villa. A Historical Introduction. Batsford, London, 1988 (Paperback)


  6. ^ Die Römer am Wolfartsberg. (Heimatblätter des Heimat- und Kulturvereines Haueneberstein e.V., Nr. 3). haueneberstein.de Archived February 11, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.


  7. ^ "Willkommen". www.eigeltingia.de. 


  8. ^ Gerhard Hoffmann: Spuren früher Zeiten – Funde und Fundstätten im Landkreis Rastatt. Eine Materialkunde zur Vor und Frühgeschichte. Bestandsaufnahme und Dokumentation. (Sonderveröffentlichungen des Kreisarchivs Rastatt, Band 5). Verlag Regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher u. a. 2007, ISBN 978-3-89735-495-1. (Abstract) Archived March 18, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.


  9. ^ gastgeber-hessen.de[permanent dead link]


  10. ^ ka.stadtwiki.net


  11. ^ W.M.Werner. "Langenau: villa rustica". www.archaeologie-bw.de. 


  12. ^ Geiges, Thomas. "Mühlacker: Römische Villa Rustica in Enzberg". www.muehlacker.de. 


  13. ^ "Stadt Nagold - Remigiuskirche". www.nagold.de. 


  14. ^ naturparkschwarzwald.de Archived February 28, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.


  15. ^ W.M.Werner. "Villa rustica von Oberndorf-Bochingen". www.archaeologie-bw.de. 


  16. ^ "denkmalpflege-bw.de". Archived from the original on 2012-09-18. Retrieved 2015-07-27. 


  17. ^ Informationszentrum Naturpark Altmühltal in Trägerschaft des Landkreises Eichstätt. "Römischer Bauernhof". Retrieved 2015-07-05. 


  18. ^ "Kohlhunden.html". www.kaluwi.de. 


  19. ^ Scheuerer, Kurt. "Römervilla Möckenlohe". www.roemervilla-moeckenlohe.de. 


  20. ^ altmuehltal.de Archived February 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.


  21. ^ Tourismusverband Pfaffenwinkel (de). "Villa Rustica Peiting". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-07-05. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)


  22. ^ Alpenland in Römerhand. "Peiting". Retrieved 2015-06-02. 


  23. ^ "Kein Ackerbau über der "Villa rustica" Rodau - Bergsträßer Anzeiger". 


  24. ^ roemervilla-blankenheim.de Archived February 24, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.


  25. ^ "Grundriß einer römischen Villa Rustica, Sarresdorf, Gerolstein, Gerolstein - Datenbank der Kulturgüter in der Region Trier". www.roscheiderhof.de. 


  26. ^ "Herzlich willkommen - Pfälzer Bergland". kuseler-musikantenland.de. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. 


  27. ^ Rimski lokaliteti valjevskog kraja Archived April 16, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.


  28. ^ Horisberger, Beat; Hedinger, Bettina; Hoek, Florian; Büsser, Roger (2007). Römisches Landleben im Zürcher Oberland - Die Römer in Wetzikon (in German). Frauenfeld, Stuttgart, Wien: Verlag Huber. ISBN 978-3-7193-1441-5. 




External links



  • villa rustica - open-air museum at Hechingen (Germany)
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